Marathi language

 Marathi is a language of the Indo-European language family . Marathi is one of the 22 official languages ​​of India . Marathi is the official language of the state of Maharashtra and a co-official language of the state of Goa . According to the 2011 census, the total population of Marathi speakers in India is about 140 million. Marathi is the tenth most spoken language in the world and the third most spoken language in India by the number of people whose mother tongue is Marathi . Marathi is one of the ancient languages ​​of India and is a modern form of Maharashtrian Prakrit. Marathi is about 2400 years old.

Maharashtra is a state of Marathi speakers, and the Marathi language has acquired special importance. Till date, many great literary works have been produced in Marathi language and it is continuously being added to. Marathi language is also spoken to some extent in states like Goa and Gujarat. Marathi has a rich history in Goa.

Classical Marathi language- The Indian central government has declared Marathi as a classical language. This decision was announced on 3 October 2024. The Marathi language existed since before the Christian era, for which Prof. Hari Narake raised the following points:-

Inscriptions written in Brahmi script, but in Marathi language, have been found in 2070 BC. The 700-verse Marathi treatise Gatha Saptashati was written in the first century AD. This means that the language must have existed for at least 300 years before it was written. The descriptions in the treatise are still in line with the customs and beliefs of the Marathi people and their current culture. Some of the words used in the treatise are not found in any other Indian language except Marathi.

The Bhandarkar Archaeological Research Institute has at least 80 manuscripts proving the antiquity of the Marathi language.

Marathi is spoken mainly in the Indian state of Maharashtra . It is also spoken in the states of Goa , North Karnataka ( Belgaum , Hubli - Dharwad , Gulbarga , Bidar , Karwar ), Gujarat ( South Gujarat , Surat , Baroda and Ahmedabad ), Andhra Pradesh ( Hyderabad ), Madhya Pradesh ( Indore , Gwalior ), Tamil Nadu ( Thanjavur ) and Chhattisgarh , and in some parts of the union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli . Marathi speakers are present in 9 states, 4 union territories and 113 countries in the country. The number of Marathi speakers is increasing in many other countries.

Marathi is spoken in India , Fiji , Mauritius , and Israel . Marathi is also spoken in the United States , United Arab Emirates, South Africa , Pakistan , Singapore , Germany , the United Kingdom , Australia , and New Zealand , due to its worldwide diaspora.

Official language- Marathi is included in the list of 22 official languages ​​​​of the Indian Constitution. Since Marathi is the mother tongue of Maharashtra, the architect of modern Maharashtra, Vasantrao Naik, took the historic decision to celebrate 'Marathi Rajbhasha Din' or 'Marathi Language Day' on May 1 on the occasion of Maharashtra Day. The government of the then Chief Minister Vasantrao Naik first published the 'Marathi Official Language Act 1964' on January 11, 1965. According to this act, it was declared that the official official language of Maharashtra would be Marathi. After that, the implementation of this decision started from 1966. By giving Marathi the status of the official language, the government of Vasantrao Naik, the architect of modern Maharashtra, brought historical glory to Marathi.

Marathi is the sole official language of the state of Maharashtra . Although Konkani is the official language in the state of Goa , Marathi can be used for all government purposes. Correspondence with the government in Marathi is replied to in Marathi. Marathi is an official language in the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli.

All universities in Maharashtra have facilities for higher education in Marathi, and outside Maharashtra, Goa University , Maharaja Sayajirao University , Osmania University (Telangana), Gulbarga University, Devi Ahilya University (Indore) and Jawaharlal Nehru University have Marathi higher education departments. A total of 15 universities outside Maharashtra offer Marathi.

Standard language- Standard language is a dialect. However, its rules are firmly established and recognized. This ensures that the same type of writing is done everywhere and thus it is used for the growth of the language. It is also called standard language or standard language . Standardization of language is a continuous process. Efforts have to be made to stabilize the language standardization process. Standard language is a collection of widely recognized traditions used in spoken and written communication used in a society. The list of writing rules sent by the Marathi Sahitya Mahamandal was accepted by the Maharashtra Government in 1972. Four more rules were added to it. The Maharashtra Government has issued a government order accepting those rules and writing Marathi Standard Language according to these rules and implementing them immediately. Standard language Marathi is written according to those rules in Marathi language. Marathi Standard Language is used when doing formal writing. It is necessary to have a standard Marathi language that is universally accepted for formal and scholarly writing. Formal writing means that it is necessary to use standard language in writing such as ideological, scientific, classical writing, non-fiction literature, street notice boards, newspaper news, editorials, magazine articles, government correspondence, etc. Apart from this, standard language is used in lectures and seminars. Standard language means that using a uniform language brings stability to the language.

Importance and uses of standard language- If a language written in a certain way is used in a computerized search , then it is useful and the search engine finds the correct writing. Otherwise, you will have to search separately every time and even after doing so, it cannot be said that you have got all the information . Similarly, when writing about rules , it is necessary to do it in the same type of language. Otherwise, it will be impossible to interpret the rules. Similarly, it will be difficult to make any diagnosis in the medical field. Because if a doctor starts using many words for the same disease, it will not be possible to diagnose what exactly is happening to the patient and get his medicine . Due to this, the use of a standard language is very important. Using a single language establishes a common Marathi culture and it can be said that we are Marathi. Such a language is used in China. There were many dialects in China , but by implementing a single standard Chinese language as the standard language, all the Chinese people have been connected to each other. Similarly, in the country of Israel , the use of a standard language in the preservation of the Hebrew language made the Hebrew language strong and today scientific research is being published in the language that was once dead. Similarly, when writing in Marathi or publishing a research essay, it is necessary to use Marathi language with official rules of grammar.