Tata Consultancy Services

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is an Indian multinational technology company specializing in information technology services and consulting. Headquartered in Mumbai, it is a part of the Tata Group and operates in 150 locations across 46 countries. As of 2024, Tata Sons owned 71.74% of TCS, and close to 80% of Tata Sons' dividend income came from TCS.

TCS ranked seventh on the Fortune India 500 list for 2024. In September 2021, TCS recorded a market capitalization of US$200 billion, becoming the first Indian IT company to achieve this valuation. In 2012, it was the world's second-largest user of U.S. H-1B visas.

History- 1968–2000                                                                                                                                TCS Delta Park in Salt Lake Sector-V, Greater Kolkata. Tata Consultancy Services Limited, originally known as Tata Computer Systems, was established in 1968 by Tata Sons Limited. The company's initial contracts involved providing punched card services to its sister company TISCO, developing an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the Central Bank of India, and offering bureau services to the Unit Trust of India.

In 1975, TCS implemented an electronic depository and trading system named SECOM for Swiss company SIS SegaInterSettle. It also developed System X for the Canadian Depository System and automated the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. TCS also partnered with the Swiss firm TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired.

In 1980, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development center, the Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC), located in Pune. The following year, it created India's first client-dedicated offshore development centre, established for Tandem.

Anticipating the Y2K bug and the introduction of the unified European currency (Euro), Tata Consultancy Services developed a factory model for Y2K conversion. The company also created software tools to automate the conversion process and facilitate implementation by third-party developers and clients. In late 1999, TCS introduced Decision Support System (DSS) solutions to the domestic market. In 1999, the company also registered its first tagline, "Beyond the Obvious."

2001–2019-                                                                                                                                                In 2001, TCS entered the bioinformatics segment, and three years later, launched India's first bioinformatics product. In 2003, TCS became the first Indian IT company to record $1 billion in revenue. On 25 August 2004, TCS became a publicly listed company after its initial public offering.

In July 2005, Tata Infotech, which was until then a different IT subsidiary of Tata Sons, merged with TCS in a stock swap deal. Later that year, TCS changed its tagline from "Beyond the Obvious" to "Experience Certainty". In 2006, TCS developed an ERP system for the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation. By 2008, its e-business operations were generating over US$500 million in annual revenue.

In 2011, TCS entered the small and medium enterprises market with cloud-based solutions. On the final trading day of 2011, it surpassed RIL to achieve the highest market capitalization of any India-based company. In the 2011–12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual revenues exceeding US$10 billion for the first time.

In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract valued at over ₹11 billion (US$130 million) to provide services to the Indian Department of Posts. In 2013, the company moved from 13th to 10th place on the list of global IT services companies by revenue. In July 2014, it became the first Indian company to exceed ₹5 trillion (US$81.93 billion) in market capitalization.

In January 2015, TCS became India's most profitable company, ending Reliance Industries Limited's 23-year streak. In January 2017, TCS announced a partnership with Aurus, a payments technology company, to deliver payment solutions for retailers through TCS OmniStore, a unified store commerce platform. The same year, TCS China entered into a joint venture with the Chinese government. In March 2018, Tata Sons sold TCS shares worth $1.25 billion in a bulk transaction. In 2019, TCS received four Stevies at the American Business Awards.

2020 present-                                                                                                                                            On 8 October 2020, TCS surpassed Accenture in market capitalization, becoming the world's most valuable IT company with a market capitalization of over $144 billion. On 25 January 2021, TCS briefly reclaimed the title of the world's most valuable IT company from Accenture with a market cap of $170 billion. On the same day, TCS also became India's most valuable company, surpassing Reliance Industries.

In May 2021, TCS, in collaboration with its consortium partner Neurotechnology, was selected by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) to provide biometric technology for the Aadhaar digital ID program. The Aadhaar program, which has a database of over 1.3 billion citizens, has been described by World Bank Chief Economist Paul Romer as the "most sophisticated ID program in the world."

In 2021, TCS underwent a millennial rebranding, and the company updated its tagline from "Experience Certainty" to "Building on Belief". In 2021, Tata Consultancy Services was also one of the largest job providers in India, hiring 43,000 new employees in the first half of the fiscal year 2021–22. In July 2025, TCS announced that it would downsize its global workforce by 2%, or about 12,000 employees, primarily from middle- and senior-level positions, citing a "skill mismatch".

Indian IT major provides severance, outplacement and early retirement options as part of global job cuts.

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is offering severance packages of up to two years’ salary to long-serving employees as part of a workforce restructuring programme, Moneycontrol reported.

In July, TCS announced it would reduce about 2 percent of its workforce — more than 12,000 employees — over the next year. The company said the step was part of an initiative to “realign skills” to meet changing client demand and technology disruptions. The reductions primarily affect employees whose skills have become redundant or who have not reskilled to align with evolving requirements.

Sources told Moneycontrol that affected staff will receive three months of notice period pay and severance ranging from six months to two years’ salary, depending on their tenure with the company. Employees with over 15 years of service are eligible for the maximum payout of two years’ salary. Those with 10–15 years of service may receive about 1.5 years of pay, while the minimum package offered is six months. Employees who have been “on the bench” — unallocated for more than eight months without a new role — are eligible for a simpler package comprising three months of notice pay, the report said.

TCS Chief Executive K Krithivasan said in July that the decision to restructure was “one of the toughest” he had taken. He noted that the changes would primarily affect middle and senior-level employees. Most of the workforce adjustments were carried out in August and September, with only isolated cases still being evaluated. In such cases, employees without active roles are being considered for redeployment through the company’s Resource Management Group.

The company is also offering support services beyond severance. According to Moneycontrol, TCS is covering outplacement agency fees for up to three months, and sometimes longer for junior associates, to help affected employees find new roles.

In select cases, TCS is also providing access to mental health resources through its “TCS Cares” programme, which funds therapy sessions, the report said.

Sources told Moneycontrol that TCS is extending early retirement options for employees approaching retirement age. These employees can access full retirement benefits, including insurance, in addition to severance pay ranging from six months to two years’ salary depending on tenure. In a statement, the company said: “In keeping with the values of our company, those affected by our recent initiative to realign skills have been provided care and support as is due to them in each of the individual circumstances.”

TCS, which employs more than 600,000 staff worldwide, is India’s largest IT services exporter. The restructuring comes at a time when IT services companies are adapting to client demand shifts, automation and the growing adoption of artificial intelligence.